X x x x x x x x x x x



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

Patented Aug. Z3, 1881..

o c l? o Il d n@ o .b M. 4H oa in llo w.. M oa .H 9.1;.. Mo 0U oa ow a.. co. o7 oa .lv 50 L.. .3 oa .9m

l. 7 lo ao 2o .0d Fl lo 70. :u nl. o ola. flo Md ao Mo am D ao me o0: 08 7l ao (o. O5 0A: on ao 2o 0./

M oa.

fha.. Mo ao l Ha ao Fig?.

nolo

oa O6 O5 invento) $9 fW/v lnesses;

N4 PETERS. Phunrumognmr. wnhmqhm. D4 c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM MARTIN, OF CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, THOMAS MARTIN, AND ALFRED HOPKINS, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

ELASTIC FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 246,024, dated August 23, 1.881.

Application filed March 5, 1881. (No model.)

T all whom et may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MARTIN, of the city of Chelsea, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Elastic Fabrics,

of which the following is a speci'dcation.

This invention relates to that class of fabrics in which are interposed, at certain intervals.

dition ot' contraction, so that when the requisite force is applied the fabric may be stretched to the limit ot' such non-elastic threads, thus rendering such fabric elastic or eXpansible beyond its length when in a condition of quieszo cence; and my invention consists in the arrangement, in the woven fabric, of the elastic and non-elastic warp-threads relatively to the lling threads, whereby such elastic warpthreads are securely bound in the fabric without the binding-warpA which is usually employed for that purpose, while the same warp makes both faces of the fabric.

The order of arranging1 the elastic and nonelastic Warp-threads, and the order of forming 3o the different sheds for the introduction of the lling-threads, for the purpose of producing said results, is shown inJ the accompanying drawings, which. with due reference to the serial numbers, will be hereinafter fully described 3 5 in connection with the description of my said' invention, which at the conclusion hereof Will be specifically claimed.

Figure l is an end elevation of the warpthreads as I arrange them for the production 4o of my improved fabrics. In said igure there are shown iive elastic threads and twenty nonelastie threads, the several elastic threads being marked a in all the ii gures, and being, for purpose of ready identification, shown in Figs. l to 10 as a small circle. There are two nonelastic warpthreads arranged outside of each outer elastic thread, and between each two elastic threads there are arranged four nonelastic threads, as shown.

In practicing my invention any desired num- 5o ber of elastic threads may be employed, aecording to the desired width of the fabric, and the requisite number of non-elastic threads will, ofcourse, be in due proportion to the number of elastic threads; but I prefer the order and ratio above shown in usual widths ot' fabrics; but such ratio may be raised as desired.

In Figs. 2 to 1 0 the filling-threads are shown bythe horizontal lines therein, indicated by the numerals l to 9, accompanied by the letter 6o b, as there shown. It will be observed, as shown in said figures, that at every pick7 all the elastic. threads change positions relatively to the filling. As in Fig. 2, all said elastic threads are above the filling-thread b', while 65 in Fig. 3 all said elastic threads are below filling-thread b2, and the elastic threads thus alternate at every pick, by which means said threads are so bound by the filling-threads as to be incapable of slipping from between the 7o same when subjected to expansive force or tension.

The order of opening the non-elastic warpthreads is as follows: After the two first picks each of said threads stands either up or down four times in its order, and then reverses its position, whereit stands the next four picks, as will be next explained. At the first opening of the shed, as shown in Fig. 2, the first, fourth, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, thirteenth, 8o seventeenth, and twentieth non-elastic warpthreads stand up, while the second, third, sixth, seventh, tenth, eleventh, fourteenth, tifteenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth non-elastic warp-threads stand down-that is, below the 8 5 filling-thread b-and the elastic threads a all stand up-that is, above said warp-thread, and at the second opening of the shed all the non-elastic warp-threads retain the same positions as at the first opening ot' the shed, 9o while said elastic threads reverse their position and stand below warp-threads b2; but at the third opening of the shed the non-elastic threads two, six, ten, fourteen, and eighteen change their position from below to above the llling-thread b3, and the non-elastic threads four, eight, twelve, sixteen, and twenty change their position from above to below the iilling- 2 l ai wat thread b3. These changes ofthe second, fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, twelfth, fourteenth, sixteenth, eighteenth, and twentieth non-elastic threads at the third opening of the shed is for the purpose of bringing such threads into the proper order of change-above and below the fillingthreads-relatively to the other non' elastic warp-threads, which others, as shown in the drawings, stand four up and four down from the commencement, as do these evennumbered threads after said two first picks. The system of forming my fabric being this, that as each uon-elastic warp-thread is to be alternately above and `below the lling-threads for four successive picks, therefore at the conclusion of every eighth pick every non-elastic Warp-thread will have been four times above and four times below the filling-thread, as is shown in Figs. 2 to 9, and that at the next pick after each eighth pick all the non-elastic warp-threads will have resumed the exact position relatively to the lilling-thread which they occupied at the first pick,as.sl1own in Figs. 2 and 9. y

In Fig. 11 the vertical lines indicate the warp-threads corresponding to those shown in Figs. l to 10, and the horizontal lines indicate the filling-threads, marked to correspond with those shown in Fgs.2 to 10, the dotted line A vindicating the beginning or iirst end of the web, and that portion shown beloiv said line representing` the top or face side of the cloth or fabric, as exhibited in said Figs. 2 to l0,

It will of course be understood that the relative positions of the threads are exaggerated in point of distance, in order the more clearly to show such position or order in the several figures.

I do not claim, broadly, the described method or order of arranging the non-elastic warp-threads-that is, four up and then four down, for the production of the twill upon both faces of the cloth-as the salnevmay have been heretofore practiced, niyinvention being confined to such arrangement ofthe non-elastic threads in a fabric having elastic warpthreads arranged in a different order; but

What I do claim is-l 1. lAn elastic fabric having the elastic warpthreads a, reversed relatively to the filling at every pick, and having the non-elastic warpthreads reversed at every fourth pick,whereby said elastic threads are bound by the fillingthreads, and the fabric is twilled upon both its faces, substantially as specified.

2. An elastic fabric wherein the elastic threads are bound by the filling-threads without a binding-warp, and both the faces ofthe fabric are twilled, substantially as specified.

3. An elastic fabric having elastic and nonelastic warp-threads, and wherein such elastic threads are reversed relatively to the filling at every pick, while the non-elastic Warp-threads are reversed at every fourth pick, whereby said elastic threads are bound in place by the iilling, and the same work produces a twilled surface upon each face ot' the fabric, substantiall y as speciiied.

WILLIAM MARTIN.

Witnesses:

T. W. PORTER, KATE BLAZo. 

